The Young Khivans Movement and the Political Events in Khiva Khanate

Abstract

Hive Khanate was an important agent of the fragmented political structure of the post-Timirud era in the Turkestan. Hive Khanate of Western Turkestan lands that was occupied by Russia became mandate of Russia in the 1873. Reformist Jadidism movement in the Turkestan, initially focused on reforms in education and culture anf after technical, social and political reforms and naturally the movement also influenced Hive Khanate. Democratic movements in the Islamic world influenced Jadidism movement in the Turkestan experienced to strong effects of risings of 1905 and 1907 in the Russia. With the influence of Jon Turks (Young Ottomans) movement of Ottomans, the movement in Turkestan get Young Khivans name and the Young Khivans movement under the effect of Bolshevik started to become a politically oriented revolutionist movement. Their main purposes was to establish a democratic state while getting rid of oppression of Tsardom of Russia. Thus, to realize their aim they wanted to help of the Bolsheviks that changed the course of the movement. The Red Army for actualizing so-called popular revolution idea of Young Khivans movement, invaded Hive in 1920 and the Army ended up Khanate regime and soon established People's Republic of Khrorezm under the control of Committee of Revolutionary Young Khivans. However, Soviets disallowed the independence of the regime, afterwards Soviets disbanded the People's Republic of Khrorezm in the 1924, thus Young Khivans movement could not realize their main goals.