The Financial Resources of the European Hun and Khazar States

Abstract

The basis of Hun and Khazar economic life, which was a natural boundary between Central Asia and Europe and dominating in aregion extending from Ural to Karpat and on the Danube was based on the steppe economy and on the income arising from the trade in the İtil, Yayık, Don and the Kuban rivers. In additon, various hand craptsthe annual taxes from the subject stades booties custom duties, agriculture and mining were the most important income sources. Thiese states have not only dominated Eastern Europe by their military and political powers but also by their economic wealthiness.